Biographies Pioneers of computing A-J

This index mentions most of the computer pioneers and their inventions, or other important people in computers or computing industry.
Due to the length of the index we have cut the index into two parts: [A-J] and [K-Z] you can navigate through both parts via the alphabet icon (see below) from both pages; they have identical mappings.
Sometimes a link will bring you to external sites, use the back button of your browser to come back.
If you see in-active or un-linked pages, they are either under revision or will be added in the future. So come back often, or press the what's new hotspot on the main page.
Recently we have added a list of historic papers as they are referenced via the biographies, readers asked us to insert an index page for easier retrieval:

Though we think this list to be fairly complete please if you find omissions

	Aiken, Howard A.;(1900-73) Harvard Mark I Adams, Henry 1838-1918 Alkhowarizmi; mathematics, (2), ancient mathematician, the number 0 Allen, Paul; (1953) co founder of Microsoft Amdahl, Gene Myron; (1922- ) computer architect Andreessen, Marc (1971)- co-founder of netscape corporation Andrews, Earnest Galen;(1898-1980) Aristoteles, ; Greek phylosopher Artybasheff, Boris; (1899-1965) Atanasoff, John V.; (1903-1995 ) first electronic computer Atkinson, Bill; hypercard Auerbach, Isaac Levin ; (1921-92) Augusta, Ada Countess of Lovelace , (2); 1816-1852 translating a report from French into to English on a lecture Babbage gave, she added her own lengthy notes to the text, and has been credited with developing the concepts of "loop" and "subroutine".
	Babaian, Boris A.; (1933) Russian supercomputers Babbage, Charles; (1791-1871) differential machine, analytical machine Bachmann, C.W.; Bachmann diagrammes. (2) (databases) Backus, John W.; (1924 - ) developer of Fortran, (2) Baer, Ralph Bain, Alexander Baird, John Logie -  inventor of mechanical television, radar and fiber optics Ballmer, Steve; co-founder Microsoft Bardeen, John (1908-1991) co-inventor of the transresistor, or transistor Barlow, John P.; founded EFF with Mitch Kapor. Barron, Ian Barth, Carl George Lange (1860-1939) Bartik, Jean; (1924- ) revamping the ENIAC to be a stored program computer, wrote the code Baum, Lyman Frank (1856-1919) Bech, Niels; (1920-75) Bell, Alexander; telephone Bell, Chester Gordon; (1934 - ) minicomputer developer, (2) (Digital), founded the Computer Museum in Boston with his wife, Gwen Bemer, Bob (Robert William); (1920 - 2005) One of the developers of COBOL and the ASCII naming standard for IBM (1960s); inventor of the ESCape sequence, the universal switching mechanism for all computer-controlled communications Berners-Lee, Tim; (2) developer and promotor of the World Wide Web (www.) Bernouilli; bernouilli numbers, prime numbers Berry, Clifford;(1918-1963) together with John Atanasoff designed the first machines to use electronic techniques in digital calculation Bigelow, Julian; (1913- ) Billings, John Shaw; (1839-1913) Bjerknes, Vilhelm; (1862-1951) Blumenthal, William Michael ; (1926- ) Blumlein, Alan; invented stereo sound, surround sound Bohr, Niels Bollee, Leon; (1870-1913) ; invented one of the first commercial mechanical calculators small enough to fit on a large tabel. Boole, George; (1815-1864) binairy logics. proposition logic Booth, Andrew Donald ; (1918- ) magnetic drum memories, tried to construct a floppy disk with oxide coated paper. Booch, Grady; co developed UML Boyer, Joseph; (1848-1905) Bradley, David J. Brainerd, John Grist ; (1904-88) Brainerd, Paul; (1947) founder of the Aldus Corp creator of Aldus PageMaker Brattain, Alexander Brattain, Walter; (1902-1987) co-invented the transistor, with John Bardeen and William Shockley Brattain, Shockley en Bardeen; inventors of the transistor; they shared a Nobel Prize in physics in 1956. Braun; astrolabus Braun, Antonius Braun, Ferdinand Bricklin, Daniel, (2) - (1951) inventor of Visicalc spreadsheets, Bob Frankston, wrote the code for Visicalc Briggs, Henry; (1561-1630) logarithm table Brody, Florian T.; groundbreaking work on CD-ROM (1984) Brooks Jr., Frederick Phillips; (1931 - ) Managed the development of the 360 operating system software for IBM (1960s); wrote The Mythical Man-Month about software project managementBrown, Sir Thomas Brown, Gordon S. ; (1907- ) Brown, Theodore; (1888-1973) Brown, Thomas Brown, Walter; Co-founder of Atlantic Software, principal contributor to Informatics accounting packages Bryce, James Wares ; (1880-1949) Bush, Vannevar, Vannevar Bush Buerghi, Joseph Burks, Arthur Walter ; (1915- ) Burroughs, William Seward; (1855-1898)created and patented a printing adding machine in 1888 Bush, Vannevar; (1890-1974) Bushnell, Allen Bushnell, Nolan; creator of Pong
	Canion, Rod; Insource Technology, co-founder of compaq computers Carpenter, Richard; Founded Index Technology to deliver Case tools in 1983 Carr, John Weber ; (1923- ) Cary, Frank Taylor ; (1920- ) Casselli, Giovanni Cerf, Vinton (1943) co-developed the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) for the Internet Charney, Jule Gregory ; (1917-81) Chatfield, Glenn; Founded Duquesne Systems to provide productivity tools for IBM systems in 1970 Chadwick, James; 1847-1922, discovered the neutron, one of the three macro elements of an atom Chernick, Aubrey; Founded Candle Corp. in 1977; developed Omegamon, first realtime performance monitor for MVS Chevion, Dov; (1917-83) Clark, Edith (1883-1959); excelled in breaking down complex mathematical constellations into simple graphical presentations Clark, Jim - co-founder of silicon graphics and netscape corporation, (2) Silicon Graphics and Netscape Cocke, John 1925 - 2002 Chief Architect of the IBM RISC architecture Codd, Dr. Edgar F. ; Inventor of relational database theory in the 1970s Gerald Cohen; Designed early non-procedural language; founded Information Builders in 1975 Colmar, Thomas de; one of the first marketable mechanical calculators Constantine, Larry ; Invented data flow diagrams, presented first paper on concepts of structured design in 1974 Cook, Bob; Founded VM Software to develop software for IBM VM in 1981 Comrie, Leslie John ; (1893-1950) Cook, Stephen Coombs, Allen W. M.; Copernicus, Nicolaus ; revolutionubus, mathematician and astronomer Corbato, Fernando Jose ; (1926- ) Crandall, Rick; Founded Comshare, one of the early time-sharing companies, in 1966; it later became a software company selling executive  support software Cray, Seymour; (1925-1996) Cray supercomputers,also founded the Control Data Corp along with Eckert, William Norris and six others Christen, Ward; (1); first operational bulletin board Cullinane, John; Founded Cullinane Corp., which sold the IDMS database system, in 1968; it was the first software product company to go public (in 1978) Cunningham, Peter; Founded INPUT, one of the first market research firms to focus on the software and software products market, in 1974 Curtiss, John Hamilton ; (1909-77)
	d'Ocagne, Maurice; (1862-1938) Dahl, Ole-Johan; (1931-2002 ) Simula Davies, Donald W.; packet-switching, internet Dantzig, George Bernard ; (1914- ) Davinci, Leonardo; inventor, polymath Deeds, Edward Andrew ; (1874-1960) DeForest, Lee; triode electronic switch DeMarco, Tom; Case methodology pioneer, author and consultant in the 1970s Descartes, Rene; philosopher Dewey, Melvil Dick, Alfred Blake (1856-1934) Dick, Jr., Alfred Blake ; (1894-1954) Diebold, John; (1926- ) Dijkstra, Edsger; (1930-2002) computer science, encryption, programming methodology Dorner, Steve; invented Eudora an email package in 1988 Dougarty
	Eastman, George - (2); philanthropist and founder of kodak Eckert, John P. ; (1919-1995) co inventor of one of the first fully electronical digital computer, along with Cray, William Norris and six others, (2) ,(3) Eckert, Wallace John ; (1902-71) Ed, Rob Edison,Thomas Alva; invented the frigidaire and made the lamp commercialy viable Einstein, Albert Eisler, Paul (1907-1995); inventor of the printed circuit (2) Ellis, Jim;(1956-2001) co-created usenet the second most important internet application Ellison, Lawrence (Larry); Co-founded Oracle Corp in 1977; pioneered relational DBMS Engel, Jr., Frank August ; (1917- ) Engelbart, Douglas; (2) (1925) - pioneer in human-computer communications, developer of the mouse and graphical user interface, (3) Ershov, Andrei P. (1931-1988); theoretical programming Estridge, Don; (1938-85) projectleader for the IBM PC/XT/AT (1981-1985) Evans, Robert Overton ; (1927- ) Everett, Robert Rivers ; (1921- )
	Fairchild, George Winthrop; (1854-1924) Fano, Robert Mano; (1917- ) Fantl. Leo Faraday, Michael Fast, August Feigenbaum, Edward A. (AI) Felstein, Lee; inventor Video Circuit Board, Osborne 1 along with Adam Osborne, Expander Computer, Sol computer Felt, Dorr Eugene ; (1862-1930) Ferguson, Dave; Author, in the late 60's, of PI-Sort, the first software product successfully sold against a free IBM sort program Fischer, Emst Georg (1852-1935) Flanders, Donald Alexander ; (1900-58) Flemming, John Ambrose; inventor of the vacuum tube diode Flint, Charles Ranlett; founding father of IBM (l850-1934) Flowers, Thomas;(1905-1998) Colossus engineer Floyd, Robert W. Forrest, Lee de Forrester, Jay Wright; (2) (1918 - ) - inventor of magnetic-core memory, led the team that created Whirlwind Forest, Lee de (1873 - 1961) Forster, James Franklin ; (1908-72) Fourier, Baron Jean-Baptiste-Joseph; (1768-1830); mathematician Frank, Werner; Co-founded Informatics, the company which sold Mark IV, the first million dollar software product, in 1962 Bob Frankston, wrote the code for Visicalc Frege, G. Freytag Löringhoff, Dr. Bruno Baron von; reconstructor of Schickards calculator Friedman, William Frederick ; (1891-1969) Fylstra, Dan; Viscalc the first spreadsheet program
	Galler, Bernard Aaron; (1928- ) Galvin Gates, Jim Gates, Wiiliam H. III (Bill); (1955) one of the founders of Microsoft, DOS, Windows, (2) (see also interview and unofficial information) Geissler Igelshieb, Heinrich Gianello Toriano Geschke, Charles M. founder of Adobe Systems in 1982 who, along with John Warnock, created "the desktop publishing" environment Gill, Stanley; (1926-75) Glushkov, Victor Mikhaylovich ; (1923-82) Goetz, Marty; Co-founded Applied Data Research (ADR) in 1959; received the first patent issued on a software product Goldstine, Herman Heine ; (1913- ) helped design the ENIAC, wrote one of the most complete computer history books. Goldstein,  Bernie; Founded Broadview Associates (1970s), the first investment banking firm to focus on software industry mergers and acquisitions Good, I. J. ; Goodman, Richard; (1911-66) Goodnight, Dr. James; Co-founded SAS Institute in 1976; developer of the SAS System Gore, John K. ; ( 1845- l910) Gödel, Kurt Grad, Burt; One of the members of the IBM team which developed the plan for unbundling software from hardware in 1969 Grant, George Barnard; (1849-1917) Green, John Green, Julien; (1924- ) Grillet, Rene (1600s) Gore ,John K. ( 1845- l910) Goto, Eiichi; inventor of analogue computer Griswold, Ralph E.; (1934- ) Grosch, Herb; Director in 1960 of the U.S. government’s Center for Computer Science and Technology (now called NIST, National Institute of Standards and Technology) Grove, Andrew, co-founder Intel Groves, Leslie Richard ; (1896-1970) Gudden, John Bernard
	Hamming, Richard W.; Harris, Dr. Larry; Founded AICorp in 1975; developed AI-based natural language technology Harron, Ducos de; Harris, Peter; Founded ADPAC Corporation in 1963 Hartree, Douglas Rayner ; (1897-1958) Hawking, Stephen; Hazen, Harold Locke ; (1901-80) Heisenberg, Werner; Hell, Rudolf (1901-2002); inventor of fax machine Henry, Joseph; Herbrand, Jacques; Heron of Alexandria; Greek mechanician and inventor Herschel, John; Herz, Heinrich; Hewlett, William R.; (1913) co-founder of Hewlett Packard, (2) Hill, Richard; Co-founded Informatics, the company which sold Mark IV, the first million dollar software product, in 1962 Hills, Danny Hoare, C. A. R.; (CSP)  Hoerni, Jean; Hoff, Ted; (1937) co-developer of the microprocessor, see also W.D. Pickette, Ray Holt Holberton, Betty (1927) one of a team of 5 programmers on the ENIAC Hollerith, Herman, (2) (1860-1929) tabulator machine Holt, Ray (19..) invented central processor in 1971 - as member of a team for the F14A, see also W.D. Pickette, Hoff, Ted Hopper, Grace; (1906-1992) Created together with other engineers COBOL, Naval officer and computer scientist who led the effort in the 1960s to develop COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) Hoover, Bill; President from 1964 to 1995 of Computer Sciences Corp. (CSC) which was an early entrant (late 1960s) in the software products market; it ultimately became a multi-billion dollar software services company Househoulder, Alston Scott ; (1904-1993) Huffman, David A.; Discovered a fast and efficient method of compression Hull, Clark; (1884-1952) Hurd, Cuthbert C.; (1911- ) Huskey, Harry Douglas ; (1916- ) Hyatt, Gilbert; co-inventor of the microprocessor in 1968, patent awarded in 1990
	Ichbiah, Dr. Jean; Principal designer, Ada language (1977) Imlay, John; In 1971, became CEO of Management Science America (MSA), the first applications software supplier to exceed $100M in annual revenues Iverson, Kenneth E.; invented APL in 1962 Irvine, John; Iwatani, Toru; Inventor of Pac Man video game
	Jacobs, Walter W.; (1914-82) Jaquard, Joseph Marie; (1752-1834) French weaver who built a fully automated loom programmed by punched cards. Jaquet-Droz, Pierre en Henry; (1700s) punch card weaving Jerger, Doug; Co-founder of Fortex, an early accounting software products company Jevons, William Stanley; (1835-82) Johnson, Luanne James; Founded Argonaut Information Systems to sell payroll and accounts payable software in 1971 Jobs, Steven Paul ; (1955- ) co founded Apple and founded Next Johnson, Reynold B. ; (1906- ) Jones, Fletcher (deceased); Co-founder of Computer Sciences Corp. (CSC); one of the initiators of SHARE and the SHARE Operating System (SOS) Jones, T. Capers ; Developed first large-scale estimating package for IBM (1972) Jones, Dr. Kirk; Pioneered business planning software; principal designer of IFPS (1975) Josephson, Brian D.; Josephson switch, hyper speed switching on molecular/atomaire level

please click on the K character below to continue to the next index page

 

In case you are not satisfied with your or any biography please mail the editors to inform them on omissions and short comings. Or you may send the contents to us of bio's you want others to read. Due to space limitations we might have to edit or shorten your contribution.